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Археологи рассказали о борьбе первобытных стоматологов с кариесом

2015.07.17 15:48:42

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Археологи рассказали о борьбе первобытных стоматологов с кариесом

Люди практиковали простые стоматологические операции еще 14 тысяч лет назад, до появления первых цивилизаций. К такому выводу пришли итальянские ученые, обнаружившие кариозный зуб со следами обработки специальным инструментом. Об открытии сообщается в журнале Scientific Reports.

Группа исследователей из Феррарского и Болонского университетов провела анализ моляра из рта двадцатипятилетнего охотника-собирателя, останки которого были обнаружены в окрестностях городка Беллуно (Доломитовые Альпы) в 1988 году.

Скелет охотника лежал в неглубокой яме в окружении ценных вещей покойного — кремниевого ножа, камня, который использовался в качестве молотка, кремниевого лезвия и заостренного обломка кости. Скелет сохранился практически в полной неприкосновенности, а могила была обложена камнями, раскрашенными красной охрой.

Рассмотрев один из моляров первобытного человека, ученые заметили серьезное повреждение кариесом. Однако разрушенные ткани были извлечены из зуба с помощью каменного орудия — скорее всего, острой кремниевой пластинкой.

«Этот зуб являет собой древнейшее свидетельство стоматологической операции с пораженным кариесом зубом. Уже в верхнем палеолите люди знали о вреде кариеса и о необходимости лечения больных зубов. Они пользовались каменными инструментами для вычищения зубов», — заявил руководитель исследовательской группы Стефано Бенацци (Stefano Benazzi).

Ранее историю стоматологии отсчитывали от бронзового века. Известно, что лекари Хараппской цивилизации сверлили больные зубы девять тысяч лет назад. Древнейший пломбировочный материал (пчелиный воск из Словении) датируется IV тысячелетием до нашей эры (неолит).

Источник: lenta.ru




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